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In the pharmaceutical industry, the integrity of packaging plays a pivotal role in ensuring the safety, efficacy, and quality of medications. Packaging serves as a barrier that protects pharmaceutical products from external factors, such as moisture, air, light, and contaminants, which could compromise their stability and effectiveness. Ensuring the integrity of pharmaceutical packaging is not only crucial for regulatory compliance but also for maintaining patient safety and confidence in the products.

Traditional methods of package testing often involve destructive techniques, where samples are opened, punctured, or otherwise altered for assessment. However, these methods come with inherent drawbacks, including product wastage, the need for additional samples, and prolonged testing times. To address these challenges, the pharmaceutical industry has increasingly turned to non-destructive methods for package integrity testing.

What are the Non-destructive Methods Used for Pharmaceutical Package Testing?

Vacuum Decay Technology

Vacuum decay is a non-destructive Container Closure Integrity Test (CCIT) that provides reliable, repeatable, reproducible, and accurate results along with clear pass/fail quantitative data. The basic idea of Vacuum decay technology is to question the integrity of containers based on their fundamental physical properties. Sample packages are initially placed within a tightly sealed evacuation test room with an external vacuum source. Based on the test sample and the needed level of sensitivity, a predetermined vacuum level is selected. The test chamber and test system dead space must be evacuated after that for a certain period of time. To monitor variations in vacuum level over time, differential pressure transducers are utilized. The container is leaking if the pressure rises over the designated pass/fail limit.

Volumetric Imaging Technology

Non-destructive leak detection of blister packages is done using OptiPac One-Touch Tool-less technology. The OptiPac uses volumetric imaging technology to monitor the movements of a blister package while it is under vacuum in order to identify leaks. The interface is practical and simple to set up with new blister package forms, necessitating no tooling changeover or significant parameter revisions as with previous non-destructive blister package inspection systems. In response to different cavity shapes, sizes, and combinations of various blister pack types, the system gathers volumetric data from each cavity.

Airborne Ultrasound Technology

Airborne ultrasound is a deterministic test technique for seal quality inspection in materials including aluminum, foil, paper, plastic, poly, film, and Tyvek. It has been proven to be one of the most effective non-destructive testing techniques for flexible package seals. According to studies, conventional seal inspection methods are ineffective because they miss undetectable defects and incorrectly reject pouches that are tightly sealed. On the other hand, Airborne ultrasound technology has been successful in both online and offline solution options. Airborne ultrasound is a typical test method for evaluating seal quality and integrity in accordance with ASTM F3004-13.

Microcurrent HVLD technology

High Voltage Leak Detection, often known as HVLD, is a deterministic, non-destructive leak detection technique used to evaluate the Container Closure Integrity of vials, cartridges, and other liquid-filled parenteral products. It is one of the most efficient approaches for online container closure testing. MicroCurrent HVLD uses around 50% less voltage and exposes the product and environment to less than 5% of the voltage when compared to standard HVLD systems. This technique doesn't require sample preparation and is non-invasive. Pre-filled syringe testing is one of the main uses of MicroCurrent HVLD, along with vial leak testing.

Non-destructive Package Integrity Testing Method Benefits

Non-destructive package integrity testing holds significant importance in the pharmaceutical industry due to the critical nature of pharmaceutical products and the strict regulatory requirements in place. Here are some key benefits of using non-destructive package integrity testing in the pharmaceutical industry:

• Product Safety: Ensuring the integrity of pharmaceutical packaging is paramount for product safety. Non-destructive testing methods can identify leaks, defects, or breaches in packaging that could lead to contamination, spoilage, or compromised efficacy of the medication.
• Regulatory Compliance: The pharmaceutical industry is heavily regulated to ensure patient safety and product quality. Non-destructive package integrity testing helps companies meet regulatory requirements outlined by agencies such as the FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) and other international regulatory bodies.
• Reduced Risk of Contamination: Non-destructive testing methods can detect micro-leaks or breaches in packaging that may not be immediately visible to the naked eye. This reduces the risk of contamination from external factors like air, moisture, or pathogens.
• Preservation of Sterility: Many pharmaceutical products require a sterile environment to maintain their efficacy and safety. Non-destructive testing ensures that the packaging's sterile barrier is intact, preventing any potential breach of sterility.
• Enhanced Product Quality: Maintaining package integrity helps prevent degradation of pharmaceutical products caused by exposure to light, moisture, or air. This ensures that medications maintain their intended potency and effectiveness.
• Cost Efficiency: Non-destructive testing methods save costs by preventing the need for destructive testing, which would require additional samples for analysis. This also reduces the need for retesting, minimizing waste and resource consumption.

As the demand for stringent quality control and regulatory adherence in the pharmaceutical sector continues to grow, understanding the nuances of non-destructive package testing methods becomes essential. By adopting these innovative techniques, pharmaceutical manufacturers can uphold their commitment to patient safety, product efficacy, and overall excellence in the field.

Combination products are medical devices that combine two or more different types of medical products (e.g., a drug-device combination or a biologic-device combination) into a single entity. These products present unique challenges in terms of design, development, and regulatory approval due to the integration of different technologies and functionalities. Therefore, it is crucial to use appropriate techniques to evaluate combination product’s safety, efficacy, and overall performance.

The FDA's Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) and the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) developed the "Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff - Considering Whether an FDA-Regulated Product Involves the Application of Nanotechnology" to help manufacturers evaluate combination products containing nanomaterials. While this guidance specifically addresses nanotechnology, many of the concepts and principles apply more broadly to evaluating combination products.

What are the three main categories of combination products?

Combination products are categorized into three main types based on their primary mode of action.

1.Drug-Device Combination Products: These products combine a drug and a medical device into one single entity. The drug and device components work together to achieve the intended therapeutic effect. An example of this type of combination product is an auto-injector that contains a drug and a delivery device.

2. Biologic-Device Combination Products:These products combine a biological product (such as a vaccine, cellular therapy, or tissue product) with a medical device. The device is integral to the administration or use of the biological product. An example of this type of combination product is a pre-filled syringe containing a biological medication.

3. Drug-Biologic Combination Products: These products combine a drug and a biological product. This category is less common than the others, but it involves combining a drug with a biologically sourced material. An example of this type of combination product is a drug formulated with a growth factor derived from human tissues.

Combination Products Quality Control Techniques

Microcurrent HVLD technology

MicroCurrent High Voltage Leak Detection (HVLD mc) is a non-destructive container closure integrity testing method that has been proven to be significantly more effective in identifying leaks in various types of parenteral and pharmaceutical applications. It may be used to check for leaks in nonporous, rigid, or flexible packaging as well as packaging that contains liquids. Tests for high voltage leak detection are carried out using electrical conductivity and resistance theories. This method operates by transmitting high voltage, low current impulses through sample packages. When there is a leak, the electrical resistance of the sample falls, causing an increase in current. HVLD technology depends on the "flow" of current, compared to conventional leak detection methods that depend on the movement of gas or liquid.

MicroCurrent HVLD Applications

• Vials
• Ampoules
• Cartridges
• Pre-filled Syringes
• BFS

Helium Leak testing

Helium leak detection is a method for finding leaks in a variety of sealed or enclosed systems by utilizing helium as a "tracer" gas. It is a CCI technique used to evaluate the integrity of critical injectable or parenteral products. Since helium is non-toxic, non-flammable, and non-condensable, helium gas is a great option for tracer gas. Helium is present in the atmosphere in amounts of little more than 5 ppm, making minor leaks easy to pass through. Helium is also more readily available and less expensive than other tracer gases, available in a variety of cylinder sizes. The test is performed by attaching the test component to the leak detector, which is then filled with helium gas. Helium escapes from the test components when there is a leak, and this partial pressure is measured, with the results shown on the meter.

Benefits of Helium Leak Testing

• Practical and sensitive flow-based leak test method,
• Enables the discovery of extremely small microleaks.
• Detects leaks with sensitivity level as low as 1x10-10 mbar L/sec.
• Helium is a non-explosive, non-toxic and non-destructive tracer gas.
• Applicable across package design, failure analysis, packaging line setup and validation.
• A faster test cycle reduces cost and total processing time.

The specific techniques and requirements for evaluating combination products may vary depending on the nature of the product (e.g., drug-device vs. biologic-device) and the intended use. Manufacturers are encouraged to engage in early communication with regulatory authorities to clarify the requirements and expectations for their combination product. Additionally, seeking the expertise of professionals with experience in evaluating combination products can be beneficial throughout the development and approval processes.

Automated Container Closure Integrity Testing (CCIT) is a process used to evaluate the integrity of containers for parenteral products, such as vials or pre-filled syringes, to ensure that they are free of defects or leaks. The goal of CCI testing is to ensure that the contents of the container remain sterile and protected from contamination.

There are several advantages to using automated CCI testing, including:

• Speed and Efficiency: Automated CCI testing is much faster and more efficient than manual operator testing, which can save time and resources for manufacturers.
• Accuracy: Automated CCI testing is less prone to human error, which can result in more accurate results and increased confidence in the integrity of the container.
• Reproducibility: Automated CCI testing is designed to be repeatable, allowing manufacturers to consistently and accurately monitor the integrity of containers.

Parenteral Products and its Advantages

Parenteral products are medical products that are administered directly into a patient's bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. This means that the product is delivered into the body through a route other than the orally, such as intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or through other routes. Examples of parenteral products include injectable drugs, intravenous solutions, intravenous nutrition products, blood transfusions, and others. These products are subject to strict quality control and regulatory standards to ensure their safety, efficacy, and sterility, and to maintain the integrity of their packaging to prevent contamination. The specific form of the parenteral product (e.g. solution, suspension, etc.) depends on the product and patient needs.

Advantages of Parenteral Products

Here are some advantages of parenteral products:

• Rapid onset of action: Parenteral products are delivered directly into the bloodstream, which allows for a faster onset of action compared to oral administration. This can be especially important in emergency or critical care situations.
• Measures and verifies container closure system integrity
• More effective for some conditions: Some drugs and therapies are more effective when delivered parenterally because they are absorbed more quickly or may not be well absorbed orally.
• Alternative for patients unable to take oral medications: Parenteral products provide an alternative for patients who are unable to take oral medications, such as patients with gastrointestinal issues or patients who are unconscious.

CCI Testing of Parenteral Products

CCI Testing is performed on parenteral products using a variety of methods, including vacuum decay leak testing, high-voltage leak detection, and others. The specific method used will depend on the type of product, the packaging material, and the desired level of sensitivity. The goal of CCI testing is to provide confidence in the integrity of the packaging and prevent any incidents of contamination or product failure.

The VeriPac LPX Series is a range of completely automated package quality inspection systems for container closure integrity inline testing. The VeriPac LPX has a dynamic robotic design that is customized to your production needs. To fulfil the demands of a production line, the LPX Series offers modular, scalable solutions. This adaptable platform offers a range of package forms that may be reliably automated. Flexible packaging, rigid containers, and parenteral pharmaceuticals are only a few examples of the applications for LPX automation.

The packages will be picked up and placed by a quick robotic gripper arm into the VeriPac LPX test chambers, where a quick vacuum-based test will be performed. Along with the quantitative test result data, a clear PASS/FAIL result is shown. In order to maintain continuous flow and seamless downstream processing, the packages will then be returned to the product line. Rejects are automatically taken off the production line.

Benefits of VeriPac LPX

• Automated testing enables the highest level of container quality assurance.
• Deterministic, quantitative test method.
• ASTM Test Method F2338 and FDA standard.
• Highly accurate test results - low false positives and false negatives.
• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation.
• USP <1207> complaint.

CCI testing is used to evaluate the sealing of the product container and detect any leaks, breaches, or defects in the packaging. This is important because parenteral products are sensitive to environmental factors such as temperature and pressure changes, and any breaches in the packaging could result in contamination or degradation of the product.

Overall, automated CCI testing is an important tool for ensuring the safety and quality of parenteral products, and is increasingly being used by manufacturers to ensure that their products meet regulatory requirements and industry standards.

The sensitivity of a test method is necessary for several reasons, but it is most crucial in ensuring the final product is of high quality. Powdered dairy products (milk powders, infant formula, protein-based powders) are kept in a modified environment to avoid spoilage and maintain the nutritional value of the product throughout its shelf life. Before usage, the product will quickly deteriorate due to oxygen and moisture intrusion, affecting the flavor and texture and finally converting any desirable commodity into a liability. The quantity and impact of oxygen ingress depend on a number of variables, and it will occur in the presence of tiny leaks. Leaks as small as 10 microns will have an immediate impact on the product for smaller packaging types. Current conventional test techniques are completely insufficient for identifying such defects, leaving manufacturing operations exposed to severe quality variations. Applying techniques with greater sensitivity provides the highest level of quality assurance, rather than just locating minor leakage.

Ensuring Dairy Products Package Integrity with VeriPac FLEX Series

For pouches and other flexible packaging, VeriPac FLEX systems are versatile non-destructive package inspection systems. These are available in a variety of configurations for the leak test instrument and the test chamber capacity, with solutions to accommodate small format sachets and stick packs up to bulk size pouches and bags. This is done to accommodate different package specifications and test sensitivity requirements. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recognized the ASTM technique for Vacuum Decay leak testing (F2338) defined in ISO 11607 as a consensus standard for pharmaceutical package testing. This approach is used by VeriPac FLEX Systems.

VeriPac inspection systems are the best alternative for destructive testing since they eliminate the subjectivity of test results and reduce the waste and costs associated with these techniques. Comparing Vacuum Decay leak testing technology to destructive techniques like the water bath or blue dye leak test, it has been found to offer a quick return on investment. The VeriPac test provides reliable critical packaging failure detection and useful packaging process insight.

Technology Overview

The VeriPac test instrument is attached to the appropriate FLEX chamber based on the size range of the packages. Depending on the application, two VeriPac systems combined with the FLEX chamber offer varying levels of leak detection capabilities. The Integrated Flexible test chamber (IFC) is designed for low-headspace sachets or stick packs. Depending on the package size and requirements, the Drawer Style test chamber (D-Series) comes in two common sizes, the Small (D) or Large (DXL). Custom designs are capable of being produced for huge package forms and bulk products. The manner in which the package is tested is the unique difference with VeriPac FLEX systems. Multiple packages can also be tested in a single test cycle.

VeriPac FLEX Series Benefits

• Non-destructive, deterministic and quantitative test method.
• Does not require any sample preparation.
• Perform a single test cycle for several packages.
• USP < 1207> compliant.
• Promote zero-waste initiatives and sustainable packaging.
• Makes the inspection and validation procedure easier.
• Reliable and repeatable outcomes.
• FDA standard and ASTM test methods.
• Inexpensive with a quick return on investment.

Flexible packaging is highly susceptible to routine microleaks that reduce shelf life and contaminate dairy proteins, considered a very high-risk product. VeriPac FLEX is an optimal solution for powdered dairy products package integrity testing. They offer a definite PASS or FAIL in addition to quantitative data corresponding to a leak rate.

The quality of the product and the maintenance of the sterile barrier against outside forces are both critically dependent on the packaging. Even a tiny hole in the packaging might allow moisture, reactive gases, or other dangerous elements to enter the product, limiting its ability to heal. Additionally, a contaminated pharmaceutical product can cause serious health issues to the user, making it more of a threat than a treatment. Maintaining Container Closure Integrity is extremely important due to the sensitive nature of pharmaceutical products.

Container Closure Integrity testing is a leak detection technique for determining how well sterile barriers are maintained against external contamination. These tests may be roughly divided into probabilistic and deterministic test methods. Manufacturers choose deterministic test procedures since they provide precise, guaranteed quantitative results. One such test method is helium leak detection technology.

Helium Leak Detection Technology Overview

Helium leak testing is the method of identifying leaks in various enclosed or sealed systems by utilizing helium as a "tracer" gas and measuring the concentration of the gas as it leaves due result of a leak. A vial is a good example of package system. A pre-filled syringe, a foil pouch, and a cold form blister card are some other examples. Each of these package types is intended to keep the pharmaceutical product contained while preventing the entry of potentially dangerous environmental contaminants like dust, bacteria, or even gases. Helium leak testing method can evaluate these package types. It is a highly efficient approach for finding leaks that provide quantitative leak rate data considerably beyond the capabilities of existing leak testing techniques.

The following describes how helium leak detection works: The package is initially vacuumed and helium-filled. The amount of helium escaping the package is then measured quantitatively and expressed as a leak rate using a helium leak detector. The technique is also ideally suited for packaging line setup and validation, failure analysis, tool qualification, monitoring product quality, and package design.

Why Use Helium as a Tracer Gas?

• Deterministic seal quality inspection method that produces quantitative outcomes.
• Regardless of color, transparency, print, surface polish, or porosity, this method works for all material types and combinations.
• Non-destructive and non-subjective test technique that does not require any sample preparation.
• Technology may be used for 100% online final pouch seal defect detection.
• Seal quality inspection results are repeatable, reproducible and reliable.
• Cost-effective solution for testing seal integrity and seal analysis that characterizes the overall quality and uniformity of the seal.

Helium Leak Detection Merits

• Practical and sensitive flow-based leak test method.
• Enables the discovery of extremely small microleaks.
• Detects leaks with sensitivity levels as low as 1x10-10 mbar L/sec.
• Helium is a non-explosive, non-toxic and non-destructive tracer gas.
• Applicable across package design, failure analysis, packaging line setup and validation.
• Faster test cycle reduces cost and total processing time.

Applications of Helium Leak Detection

• Vials
• Pre-filled syringes
• Blister packs
• Combination products
• Bottles
• Foil pouches

Helium leak detection is the best option for evaluating the inherent integrity of specific primary container closure systems of pharmaceutical and parenteral products. It is a commonly used technology in early stage pharmaceutical package development and component compatibility evaluation. In comparison to other leak test techniques, helium leak testing has the highest level of sensitivity, making it the most used CCI test method. In accordance with ASTM F2391, helium leak detection is a widely used method in the pharmaceutical industry.

For packaging sterile devices in the medical industry, porous packaging materials are widely used. The sterile products are frequently packaged, shipped, and distributed to multiple places, where they may be exposed to a range of humidity conditions during the course of the distribution cycle. The leaks in the porous packaging materials can contaminate medical devices as well as products. These leaks are frequently observed at tiny pinholes or breaches in the seals between packing components. Hence, maintaining the microbial barrier of sterile medical devices is of grave importance. In order to maintain the sterility and microbial barrier, various package integrity test solutions can be used. Airborne Ultrasound technology is one such method.

Airborne Ultrasound Technology Overview

Airborne ultrasound is an inspection method for testing seal quality that is able to evaluate seals for defects without causing any damage. It is an FDA recognized standard and ASTM Test Method F3004 for testing seal quality. Such tests are mostly carried out to provide enhanced tray seals, flexible packages, and pouch seal quality inspection. Tyvek®, paper, foil, film, aluminum, plastic, and poly are just a few of the packaging materials that may be used with Airborne Ultrasound technology to ensure in-depth seal quality analyses.

Integrity Testing of Porous Packages using Airborne Ultrasound Technology

Airborne Ultrasound technology is one of the commonly used methods for testing the seal quality of porous packages. In this technique, sound waves are reflected when ultrasound waves pass through the packaging seal. The signal intensity is reduced or destroyed when there is a leak or defect. These variations are meticulously monitored to identify defects. With airborne ultrasound technology, it’s now possible to identify a variety of seal defects, including visible and invisible, leaking and non-leaking, process-related and random both offline in the lab and in automated production environment.

Airborne Ultrasound technology has been proven in the field with both online (Seal-Sensor) and offline (Seal-Scan) solution options. Both of these technologies make use of non-contact airborne ultrasonic testing. It is known to be among the best techniques for non-destructive testing of flexible packaging seals in both offline laboratory testing for seal quality analysis and 100% inline testing on the production line. According to ASTM F3004-13, this is the standard test procedure for the airborne ultrasound evaluation of seal quality and integrity.

Benefits of Seal-Scan and Seal-Sensor Methods

• Deterministic seal quality inspection method that produces quantitative outcomes.
• Regardless of color, transparency, print, surface polish, or porosity, this method works for all material types and combinations.
• Non-destructive and non-subjective test technique that does not require any sample preparation.
• Technology may be used for 100% online final pouch seal defect detection.
• Seal quality inspection results are repeatable, reproducible and reliable.
• Cost-effective solution for testing seal integrity and seal analysis that characterizes the overall quality and uniformity of the seal.

According to studies, the conventional seal inspection techniques are ineffective because they miss undetectable flaws and wrongly reject pouches that are tightly sealed. Airborne Ultrasound is a deterministic seal quality testing method. The technology has established itself as a highly practical solution for non-destructive testing of porous packages. The integrity of porous packages can be tested efficiently using Airborne Ultrasound technology.

The integrity of container closure systems can be interpreted as their capacity to maintain a sterile barrier against potential contaminants that could compromise the quality of the end product. The sterile barrier can be damaged by even the smallest leak, which might affect the product's healing properties. Over the years, dye ingress and microbial ingress are common leak testing methods. It has been proven that they provide inaccurate and subjective results. As a result, regulatory organizations have mandated a shift towards more deterministic test procedures that can be controlled, calibrated, and provide a definite determination of CCI. Airborne Ultrasound technology is a deterministic test method mentioned in the revised USP< 1207> Chapter Guidance for seal quality testing.

Explain Airborne Ultrasound Technology

Airborne Ultrasound Technology is a technique for testing the seal quality. It is an ASTM test method F3004 and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved standard for seal quality testing. Such inspections are mainly done to provide improved seal quality inspection of pouches, flexible packages and tray seals. Airborne Ultrasound technology ensures in-depth seal quality analysis and is applicable to multiple packaging materials such as Tyvek, paper, foil, film, aluminum, plastic and poly.

In this technique, sound waves are reflected when ultrasound waves travel through the packaging seal. In the presence of a leak or fault, the signal intensity is diminished or removed. To find the leak, these fluctuations are carefully monitored. More sound is reflected, and less sound is transferred through the seal as the acoustic difference between the medium increases (most evident at the transition from a gas to solid state). The inability to detect non-leak defects is a common challenge faced by most leak test methods. However, users may recognize a variety of seal defects, including visible and invisible, leaky and non-leaking, process-related and random, using airborne ultrasound technology.

Seal-Scan and Seal-Sensor

Under this technique, VeriPac leak testers are connected to a test chamber specially designed to hold the sample package. The package that has been put inside the test chamber is subjected to vacuum. A single or dual vacuum transducer technology is used to monitor the vacuum level as well as how the vacuum changes during a predefined test period. The existence of leaks and other defects within the package is determined by monitoring variations in an absolute and differential Seal-Scan® and Seal-Sensor™ are the two configurations of Airborne Ultrasound technology. Seal-Scan® technology inspects and analyzes pouch seals non-destructively offline. This deterministic, quantitative, high resolution method inspects pouch seals for defects and seal integrity for consistency. Testing does not involve sample preparation, and is non-invasive as well. The technique includes advanced digital imaging software tools for process control that allow in-depth seal quality analysis. Utilizing Airborne Ultrasound technology, Seal-Scan® systems evaluate seal quality and integrity in accordance with ASTM Test Method F3004-13. Seal-Scan® is a semi-automatic inspection system with an x-y drive for the detection of seal defects, seal characterization, and material analysis.

Seal-Sensor™ is an Airborne Ultrasonic technology that inspects the final pouch seal 100% online in a non-destructive manner. Seal-Sensor™ is a deterministic, quantitative, fast, and reliable way to test for defects in pouch seals. The Seal-Sensor™ technology detects defective seals, seals with partial or weak areas, and several other typical seal defects that may not be physically visible but have an impact on the quality, and life span of the product. A pass/fail result and quantitative, traceable data are generated by a single linear scan (L-Scan) of the pouch seal in less than one second.

Why Use Airborne Ultrasound Technology?

• Deterministic inspection technique yielding quantifiable results.
• Non-destructive, non-subjective, and does not need sample preparation.
• Independent of color, transparency, print, surface polish, or porosity, it is applicable to all materials and combinations.
• Can be integrated completely online to identify defects in the final pouch seal.
• Consistent and dependable results.
• Referenced in USP Chapter 1207.Inexpensive method for evaluating the seal integrity of the final pouch seal.
• Describes the overall quality and uniformity of the seal.

Both Seal-Scan® and Seal-Sensor™ technologies utilize non-contact airborne ultrasonic testing technology. With the innovation of Seal Scan and Seal-Sensor, Airborne Ultrasound technology has emerged as the most reliable technique for non-destructive seal integrity testing, both in offline laboratory testing for seal quality analysis and 100% inline testing on the production line.

The difficulty of maintaining shelf life for packaged snack foods never end. The majority of snack foods are oxygen and moisture sensitive. Package integrity issues can lead to mold growth, oxidation, taste loss, and spoilage. Leaks smaller than 10 microns can contaminate a product with bacteria, and comparable leak sizes might allow moisture or oxygen in. Snack foods come in a wide range of packaging types, but they all require package integrity assurance for extended shelf life.

Even a tiny leak in the container might cause microbial contamination or oxygen penetration, and traditional test methods may not be able to find such leaks. The sensitivity of the testing method is crucial for preserving the quality of the product during its shelf life. In this blog, we will discuss how VeriPac Vacuum Decay technology can efficiently leak test snack food packages.

VeriPac Vacuum Decay Series for Snack Food Package Integrity Testing

VeriPac Vacuum Decay technology is an ASTM-approved, FDA-recognized test technique with the ability to deliver reliable, consistent, repeatable, and accurate quantitative data. It is a non-destructive container closure integrity testing method that can identify micro leaks while taking into consideration a variety of packaging types, including filled and sealed rigid, semi-rigid, and flexible packaging composed of non-porous or porous materials.

Vacuum Decay leak testing is recognized as an efficient alternative for destructive testing techniques like water bath or dye intrusion because it removes subjectivity and lowers waste and costs. It is proven to provide a short-term return on investment. Critical packaging defects are consistently found by the VeriPac test systems, which also provide useful packaging process insights. The VeriPac Series will evaluate a wide range of high-risk packaging applications and ensure that the final product satisfies consumer and regulatory requirements. The suitable VeriPac model is chosen, based on the intended package type and leak test sensitivity. Depending on the application, configurations can be optimized and customized.

Working Principle

Under this technique, VeriPac leak testers are connected to a test chamber specially designed to hold the sample package. The package that has been put inside the test chamber is subjected to vacuum. A single or dual vacuum transducer technology is used to monitor the vacuum level as well as how the vacuum changes during a predefined test period. The existence of leaks and other defects within the package is determined by monitoring variations in an absolute and differential vacuum.

VeriPac Inspection System Benefits

• FDA Consensus Standard and ASTM Test Method F2338.
• Cost-effective and quick return on investment.
• Simplifies the inspection and validation procedure.
• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation.
• Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives.
• Referenced in USP Chapter 1207.

Flexible packaging such as sachets, stick packs, and pouches, composite cans, and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) are common types for snack food packaging. For snacks like nuts, savory snacks, chips, crackers, cookies, beef jerky, nutrients, and granola bars, they provide the ideal packaging appearance. They offer shelf stability and simplicity of quick opening. While every packaging offers a different set of advantages and product appeal, every format also has a different set of difficulties for maintaining the integrity of the package and seal.

To assure the safety of pharmaceutical products, during their distribution and storage, manufacturers perform Container Closure Integrity testing (CCI testing). CCIT helps in evaluating the integrity and stability of packaging or containers till they reach their destination. Although destructive CCI techniques such as water bath, and dye tests can find leaks, they are time-consuming, inaccurate, and provide subjective test results. Furthermore, they cause considerable product loss and waste. This leads to an increase in the demand for non-destructive deterministic CCI methods such as Vacuum Decay, MicroCurrent HVLD and Airborne Ultrasound.

Vacuum Decay is a non-destructive CCI testing method that focuses on package integrity and leak path detection. Unlike manual inspection and other non-deterministic testing techniques, Vacuum Decay provides quantitative, deterministic, and accurate test results to assure package integrity. Vacuum Decay technology can handle a wide range of package types, including filled and sealed rigid, semi-rigid, and flexible packaging comprised of non-porous or porous materials.

Technology Overview

The Vacuum Decay method operates by enclosing sample packages in a tightly fitted evacuation test chamber with an external vacuum source. The test chamber is monitored using single or dual vacuum transducer technology for both the level of vacuum and the change in a vacuum throughout a defined test duration. The existence of leaks and defects inside the package is indicated by variations in an absolute and differential vacuum. This inspection method is suitable for offline laboratory testing and can be customized for manual or completely automated operations. The test cycle is non-destructive to both the product and the packaging and only takes a few seconds. It saves money by not wasting products for leak tests and produces a return on investment in less than 6 months for many products.

VeriPac Vacuum Decay Technology

VeriPac Vacuum Decay technology is the optimal non-destructive solution for determining container closure integrity in a variety of package configurations. VeriPac Series will evaluate a wide range of high-risk packaging applications and ensure that the product fulfills regulatory and consumer integrity standards. The VeriPac product line systems analyze the package in a quick, repeatable, and reproducible way, providing quantitative and deterministic test results. Vacuum Decay technologies can identify package leaks and invisible defects utilizing a non-invasive, non-subjective technique that does not need sample preparation.

The VeriPac Series is a practical alternative to destructive testing methods and can detect leaks down to sub-micron levels. An appropriate VeriPac model is chosen based on the type of package and leak test sensitivity required. Configurations can be optimized and tailored to specific applications.

• Non-destructive technology
• Defect detection down to 0.05 ccm
• Accurate, reliable, and repeatable results
• Pass/fail results backed by quantitative test data
• No tools are required to evaluate alternative package formats
• Identifies which cavity is defective
• Eliminates destructive, subjective testing methods
• Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives
• FDA recognized standard for package integrity testing

Over the years, Vacuum Decay leak testing has proven to be one of the most practical and sensitive vacuum-based leak detection technologies. Vacuum Decay technology is recognized by the American Standard Testing Method ASTM F2338 and detects leaks in hermetically sealed containers, making it useful for both the pharmaceutical and medical device industries.

Several leak detection methods, that are deterministic and non-destructive, are already available in the market. Pharmaceutical companies are urged to use technologies that significantly enhances quality assurance and leak detection rates. Appropriate leak detection technology is selected based on the specific characteristics of the product and container, such as conductivity, headspace parameters, contents, or API. Historically, dye immersion and microbial immersion have been the two main methods of vial integrity testing. Recently, the USP has issued guidelines that require critical methods to achieve more reproducible and predictable outcomes. USP <1207> encourages a move towards more deterministic methods, recommending the avoidance of dye immersion tests and the use of quantitative, non-destructive technologies instead.

Why High Voltage Leak Detection Method is Preferred for Testing Vials?

High Voltage Leak Detection or HVLD is a deterministic, non-destructive leak detection method to evaluate vials, cartridges, and other liquid-filled parenteral products for Container Closure Integrity. The current generation of PTI’s MicroCurrent HVLD may be utilized with a wide range of liquid-based products, from low conductivity sterile water for injection to highly proteinaceous drug preparations in suspensions. It is one of the most effective online container closure testing methods, requiring just minor infrastructure modifications. When compared to conventional HVLD solutions, MicroCurrent HVLD utilizes approximately 50% less voltage and exposes the product and environment to less than 5% of the voltage. This method is non-invasive and requires no sample preparation. Like vial leak testing, another major application of MicroCurrent HVLD is pre-filled syringe testing.

Working Principle of MicroCurrent HVLD Technology

In this method, the container is scanned using a set of high voltage electrode probes. A high voltage is applied to one side of the container, while a ground probe is attached to the other. If there is no leak in the package, the two container walls (high voltage side and ground side) offer complete electrical resistance, and no substantial current is measured flowing through the vial. If a micro-leak or fracture occurs in one of the container walls, the break-down resistance is achieved, and the current flows through. HVLD is the only leak detection method that does not require mass to travel through a defect location, instead of requiring just electricity to pass through a crack. Because of this feature, HVLD is sensitive to leaks that conventional leak detection technologies are unable to detect.

MicroCurrent HVLD Technology Advantages

• Deterministic and non-destructive test method.
• High level of repeatability and accuracy.
• Ensure more accuracy and dependability in results.
• At high production rates, both offline and 100% online inspections are performed.
• Simplifies the inspection and validation procedure.
• Highly effective in all parenteral preparations, even liquids with extremely low conductivity (WFI).
• Outlined in the USP 1207 Guideline.

Pharmaceutical containers like vials protect the product from contamination (sterile barrier) and prevent changes in product quality caused by external factors. In order to determine the functionality of such systems, container closure integrity testing is performed. CCIT provides sophisticated analytical methods for evaluating pharmaceutical containers.

Packaging has a significant impact on the quality of the products and influences customer purchase decisions. Both of these factors provide significant issues for product design, particularly in the case of food packaging. No other product incorporates as many innovative and improved packaging advancements as food. Due to the increased need for convenience, packaging should be easy to handle, easy to open, resealable, or must be able to be heated directly in a microwave. Furthermore, food packaging must be properly sealed to protect product quality and shelf life. Ensuring safe food packaging through testing and analysis is key to safeguarding human health and protecting the food product.

Food Package Integrity Testing Using VeriPac 310

The VeriPac 310 is a non-destructive, non-invasive leak detection and container closure integrity testing method for the food industry. VeriPac systems eliminate waste and provide operators with a comprehensive view of package quality. The VeriPac 310 test cycle generates real-time results from accurate quantitative measurements, identifying packaging defects before important process concerns develop. Tests can be run in any order and even on the same sample several times. Good packages can be returned to the packing line intact. Testing is more dependable, sensitive, and efficient than destructive procedures like the water bath or burst test. The ASTM-approved patented vacuum decay leak test technique F2338-09, acknowledged by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity testing, is used in the VeriPac 310.

Technology Overview

The test method begins by connecting the VeriPac leak testers to a test chamber that is specifically designed to accommodate the package to be evaluated. The package is placed into the vacuum-sealed test chamber. The absolute transducer technology is used to monitor the vacuum level as well as the change in vacuum throughout a predetermined test period in the test chamber. The presence of leaks within the package is indicated by the changes in an absolute and differential vacuum. Test systems can be configured to operate manually or automatically. This inspection method is appropriate for offline laboratory testing as well as production applications for QA/QC statistical process control. The test cycle is non-invasive and non-destructive to both the product and the package, taking only a few seconds.

VeriPac 310 Benefits

• Non-invasive inspection system for leak detection
• Deterministic, quantitative test method
• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• ASTM test method and FDA recognized standard
• Cost-effective and economical
• Supports zero waste initiatives
• Measures integrity of the entire package

Every packaged food product has a seal that keeps the food item safe inside the packaging. Therefore, food package seal quality testing is performed to ensure that the food packaging used is safe for both customers and the environment. PTI offers a diverse range of testing methods that are applicable to food product packages.

For parenteral administration, compounded sterile preparations are often made from manufactured sterile materials. As a means of drug delivery, patients commonly require the administration of parenteral formulations. When compared to other methods of drug delivery, this method has both advantages and disadvantages. Nowadays, the ways of administration of new drugs are increasing all over the world. The range of possibilities for drug delivery containers must be reviewed on a regular basis, with the objective of improving compliance and delivery accuracy.

The packaging around a drug product is critical when establishing a new drug product or even re-facing an old one. There has also been an increase in the number of packaging formats for parenteral over the last ten years. Liquid-filled containers such as vials, ampoules, syringes, blow-fill seals, and auto-injectors, as well as containers filled with lyophilized products, are common parenteral packaging methods. Parenteral drugs are directly injected into the human body. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the product quality of parenteral throughout its shelf life. Highly sensitive and reliable test methods are required. In this blog, we will discuss about parenteral product leak testing.

Why Use E-Scan HVLDmc for Testing Parenteral Products Packages?

E-Scan 655 is a revolutionary deterministic offline micro leak test equipment that inspects vials, syringes, and other liquid-filled parenteral products for container closure integrity using a new class of HVLD technology. The technique utilizes a non-contact, non-invasive test procedure that does not need sample preparation. E-Scan 655 is compatible with a variety of liquid-based products, including low conductivity sterile water for injection (WFI) and proteinaceous products with suspensions, including vaccines. At high production rates, the offline E-Scan 655 approach may be converted from laboratory to 100 percent inline testing applications. The E-Scan 655 technology is a non-destructive MicroCurrent conductivity test technique for parenterals. This method exposes the packaging and product to a lower voltage than other conductivity-based solutions.

Using a series of electrode probes, the E-Scan tester scans a sealed non-conductive container. Glass, plastic, or poly laminate can be used to make the container. The liquid must be contained within the container or packet (minimum fill 30 percent). There is a resistance differential and a change in current flow if there is a pinhole, crack, or other flaw, indicating a container breach. The approximate position of the defect can be determined.

Benefits of E-Scan MicroCurrent technology

• Non-destructive, non-invasive, and no sample preparation is required.
• Greater accuracy and repeatability.
• Lower voltage exposure eliminates risk to the product and environment.
• Quick changeover and simple recipe set up to accommodate a wide range of products and applications.
• E-Scan MicroCurrent technology is effective across all parenteral products, including extremely low conductivity liquids (WFI).
• Listed in USP Chapter 1207> as a proposed methodology for parenteral liquid package inspection.
• The inspection and validation process is simplified.

E-Scan HVLDmc is one of the highly effective CCI technologies for parenteral. It is applicable to pre-filled syringes, vials, cartridges, ampoules, BFS, bottles, and pouches. The technology has a rapid test cycle and is easy to use. PTI’s E-Scan 655 is a patent-pending technology that uses a unique mode of MicroCurrent HVLD technique that requires less than half of the voltage required by existing high voltage technologies. MicroCurrent HVLD technology can be applied from the R&D laboratory to automated 100% inline CCI inspection.

The pharmaceutical packaging industry is constantly developing as pharmaceutical manufacturers require reliable and efficient packaging solutions that meet a variety of requirements. Packaging is essential for the safe storage and administration of pharmaceutical products. Packaging pharmaceuticals is important not only for storing and protecting products but is also helpful in identifying, marketing, and promoting different brands, and making pharmaceutical products easier to use. Vials, blister packs, bottles, syringes, ampoules, etc are the most common pharmaceutical packages. The packages must perform correctly to ensure that the drug product remains uncompromised throughout the distribution cycle and shelf life. These packages are later tested to guarantee their quality and integrity.

Testing Package Integrity Using VeriPac 355 Series

VeriPac 355 is a non-destructive micro leak detection device for testing container closure integrity and package integrity on a variety of products and packaging types. This system is specially designed to test containers for dry product gas leaks as well as liquid leaks. Since it is non-destructive and does not need sample preparation, the VeriPac 355 can be integrated into protocols at any step in the handling process. The VeriPac 355 is the ideal non-destructive quantitative test technique for various pharmaceutical and food applications, with the capacity to detect leak rates as low as 0.2 cc/min depending on package parameters. The VeriPac 355 core technology is based on the ASTM vacuum decay leak testing method (F2338-09), which is recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity testing. VeriPac leak test instruments were used to develop this test method.

Technology Overview

The VeriPac 355 leak tester is connected to a test chamber intended to hold the package to be tested. The package is placed inside the vacuum-sealed test chamber. High-resolution absolute transducer technology is utilized to monitor the test chamber for, both the level of vacuum and the change in vacuum during a pre-defined test duration. This is capable of detecting both gross and micro leaks. The test cycle is only a few seconds long and the results are objective. The testing is non-destructive to both the product and the package.

The sensitivity of a test is determined by the sensitivity of the transducer, the package design, the package test fixture, and the crucial test parameters of time and pressure. Test systems can be configured to operate manually or semi-automatically. This method is suitable for offline laboratory testing and QA/QC statistical process control.

Advantages of VeriPac 355

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, and no sample preparation is required
• Deterministic, quantitative test method
• Detection of defects down to 0.2 ccm (5 microns)
• High sensitivity, repeatability, and accuracy
• Operator receives a PASS/FAIL result within a short cycle time
• Portable modular design with a small footprint
• FDA standard and ASTM F2338 test method

VeriPac technology is the optimal non-destructive solution for determining container closure integrity in a variety of package configurations. The strategy for choosing the right VeriPac model is based on the package type and the required leak test sensitivity. Configurations can be optimized and customized to the needs of each application. The VeriPac Series will analyze a wide range of high-risk package applications and ensure that the product fulfills regulatory standards and customer requirements for integrity.

Package integrity leak test methods offered by CCIT such as Seal-Scan utilize non-contact Airborne Ultrasonic technology for seal integrity testing and seal quality analysis of pouches and flexible packaging. The method is applicable to pharmaceutical as well as medical device packaging.

Seal Quality Testing and Seal Analysis using Seal-Scan Technology

Seal-Scan® is a non-destructive offline inspection and analysis technique for pouch seals using Airborne Ultrasonic technology (ABUS). Seal-Scan® offers advanced digital imaging software tools for process control, including in-depth seal quality inspection. Seal-Scan system uses the non-destructive ASTM Test Method F3004-13 for "Evaluation of Seal Quality and Integrity Using Airborne Ultrasound Technology." This test method was approved using PTI's ABUS technology. Seal-Scan® is a deterministic, quantitative, high-resolution technology for inspecting pouch seals for defects and ensuring seal integrity.

Seal-Scan has two scanning modes:

• Linear Scan (L-Scan) to simulate online defect identification (line graph)
• C-Scan for detailed seal analysis, resulting in pixel-by-pixel seal evaluation (Opto-Acoustic image)

Technology Overview

The pouch seal or packaging material is scanned between two focused ultrasonic sensors. Ultrasonic waves travel through single or several layers of bonded materials. The reflection of sound waves caused by ultrasonic transmission via different materials reduces/eliminates signal intensity. The signal level that passes through the seal is a function of the seal's quality. Defects of various forms, such as leaking and non-leaking, process-related and random, can be detected. Seal-Scan® can provide Opto-Acoustic images as well as thorough statistical analysis using one of two scan modes (L-Scan and C-Scan).

An L-Scan is a single linear scan along the seal's X-axis that generates a line graph of seal integrity and replicates real-time inspection. C-Scan generates a series of scans (along the X and Y-axis of the seal region), that offers a high-resolution ultrasonic image of the seal structure. This technology, via the Seal-Sensor, can be integrated into a pouch production process for 100% online seal defect detection.

Benefits of Seal-Scan Technology

• Deterministic inspection approach yielding quantitative results.
• Works with any material and combination, independent of color, transparency, print, surface polish, or porosity.
• Produces a high-resolution Opto-Acoustic seal image.
• Characterizes the overall quality and consistency of the seal.

Seal-Scan® is a semi-automatic inspection system with an x-y drive that is used to identify seal defects, characterize seals, and analyze materials. This approach is non-invasive, non-destructive, and does not need any sample preparation. The ability of PTI to adapt this technology to diverse production restrictions and conditions makes it an effective solution for flexible packaging systems.

The physical ability of a package to protect its contents with the necessary level of protection during a specific time is referred to as package integrity. Package integrity tests are performed to detect packaging issues that might affect the sterility of a medical device. Previously, microbial challenge or dye penetration testing was used to determine whether the product packaging has maintained its microbial barrier qualities. Due to technological advancements, VeriPac FLEX systems are currently being used for testing the package integrity of flexible packages.

VeriPac FLEX Systems to Ensure the Integrity of Flexible Packages

CCIT’s VeriPac FLEX systems are versatile non-destructive package inspection systems that are intended particularly for evaluating dry-filled pouches and flexible packaging. VeriPac FLEX systems are available in several configurations for both the leak test instrument and the test chamber capacity to accommodate various package specifications and test sensitivity requirements. VeriPac inspection systems provide a simple PASS or FAIL result, as well as quantitative test data. They offer unparalleled sensitivity, reliability, and practicality in testing a wide variety of flexible package formats and sizes, without changing settings or tools.

The ASTM technique for vacuum decay leak testing (F2338), which is specified in ISO 11607 and recognized by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity test solutions, is used by VeriPac FLEX Systems. As an alternative to destructive testing, they eliminate subjectivity while also reducing waste and cost. When compared to destructive techniques like water bath or blue dye leak test, vacuum decay leak testing technology has proven to provide a quick return on investment. The VeriPac test devices consistently detect significant packaging errors and provide useful packaging process information.

Technology Overview

On the basis of the package size, the VeriPac tester is initially attached to the appropriate FLEX chamber. The Integrated Flexible test Chamber (IFC) and Drawer Style test chamber (D-Series) are the two test chamber configurations available to connect with the VeriPac instrument depending on package specification and test sensitivity requirements. The Integrated Flexible test Chamber (IFC) is designed for low-headspace sachets or stick packs. Depending on the package size and requirements, the Drawer Style test chamber (D-Series) is available in 2 basic sizes: Small (D) and Large (DXL). Custom designs are possible for large packaging types and bulk products. The way the package is tested is what sets VeriPac FLEX systems apart. CCIT makes use of a flexible membrane that fits the shape and size of the package, preventing stress and damage to the film materials. In a single test cycle, several packages can be tested.

VeriPac FLEX System Advantages

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Cost-effective with rapid return on investment
• Accurate and repeatable results
• USP< 1207> compliant
• Supports sustainable packaging and zero waste initiatives
• ASTM test method and FDA standard
• Deterministic, quantitative test method
• Simplifies the inspection and validation process

Manufacturers are still struggling with quality standards for flexible packaging. CCIT’s VeriPac FLEX has proven to minimize manufacturing waste and costs while boosting package quality assurance and brand value. It has high test sensitivity and is capable of identifying micro leaks down to the single digit micron range.

Class III medical devices have a unique combination of criteria and package features that necessitate a comprehensive approach to determining the best inspection procedures. For medical package inspection, there are a variety of methods that require a thorough understanding to assure quality.

Manual visual inspection has been the most common form of inspection for medical device packaging. While an ASTM standard (ASTM F1886) covers this concept, it may not be applicable for all applications and has limitations. Even though a 75-micron channel defect can be detected by manual visual inspection, the ASTM method F1886 indicates that the chance of detection ranges from 60% to 100%. This vast range of uncertainty does not give the level of assurance required for the packaging of high-risk medical devices.

Although certain offline leak detection techniques can offer a quantitative evaluation of seal quality, they miss some of the most prevalent seal problems seen in Class III medical device packaging. Testing peel strength or utilizing other destructive methods will not reveal random seal problems. For class III medical devices, online non-destructive inspection procedures are excellent since they provide quality control with comprehensive manufacturing lot data.

All Class III medical devices must be sterile, however, container materials and design differ widely. A non-porous pouch or tray demands an entirely different technique than a porous pouch or tray. Tyvek® offers a sterile barrier, and the porosity of the material limits the leak test procedures that may be used on the package body. When it comes to porous packaging, the focus of online inspection moves away from leak detection and toward seal quality evaluation.

Technology Overview

Vacuum decay and Airborne ultrasound are the two main methods used by PTI/CCIT to inspect medical device packaging. Both methods are aimed at providing quantitative and deterministic test results in order to assess package quality. In terms of function and performance, the two technologies are entirely different. Package integrity and leak path detection are the main objectives of Vacuum decay. Meanwhile, Airborne ultrasound technology focuses on package seal inspection and seal quality. Both approaches aim to meet the basic requirements of being reliable and sensitive inspection procedures for Class III medical device applications.

Vacuum Decay (ASTM F2338)

Vacuum decay is the most practical and sensitive vacuum-based leak test method of CCI. When testing pouches, a versatile adjustable test chamber may be utilized to test pouches of various sizes. The package is then placed into the vacuum-sealed test chamber. The level of vacuum, as well as the change in vacuum during a pre-defined test duration, are both monitored during the short test cycle. The change in vacuum indicates the existence of leaks and defects within the package. Vacuum decay leak testing is a go-to standard for sterile products because of its sensitivity and dependability. The approach is ideal for laboratory offline testing and production applications for quality assurance process control, since test equipment may be developed for manual or automation operation.

The ASTM Vacuum decay leak test technique (F2338), which has been accepted by the FDA as a consensus standard for package integrity testing, was developed using PTI VeriPac technology. As a deterministic test technique for package integrity test solutions, Vacuum decay is mentioned in ISO 11607 and the new USP 1207 guideline document.

Airborne Ultrasound (ASTM F3004)

Airborne Ultrasound is an ASTM Test Method F3004-13 and is one of the most effective methods for non-destructive seal quality inspection of flexible packaging. It is mentioned in ISO 11607 and the new USP 1207 guidance document. Most inspection methods are challenged by the leaking nature of porous packaging, but Airborne ultrasound, with its non-destructive measure of seal quality, effectively overcomes those challenges.

The non-contact Airborne ultrasonic testing technique is used in both Seal-Scan (Offline) and Seal-Sensor (Online). Ultrasonic waves propagate through the material as a package seal passes through the sensor head, producing sound waves to be reflected. When defects are encountered, the signal intensity is reduced or eliminated. The larger the acoustic gap between mediums, the more sound is reflected and less sound is transferred through the seal.

The variety of package forms and materials makes inspecting the integrity of class III medical device packaging a challenge. CCIT's scientists and engineers have vast industry experience and can prove a complete solution, including test method development and equipment validation for Class III medical device packaging.

The integrity of the container closure system is crucial for ensuring that all portions of pharmaceutical products stay sterile during transportation, storage, and usage. Product contamination occurs as a result of leaking containers or closures. A non-destructive packaging inspection technology used to keep an aseptic barrier against possible contaminants is called Container Closure Integrity Testing (CCIT), commonly known as leak detection. The sterility and product quality of sterile final pharmaceutical and biological products should be maintained throughout their shelf life using container closure systems.

Various CCI Services

For testing the integrity of many package formats, CCIT offers expertise for the application of the best deterministic inspection technologies and test methodologies.

Feasibility Studies for Testing Package Quality

The first stage in evaluating and determining the optimal CCI technology and test technique for a certain application is to conduct an experimental or a more extensive feasibility study. To evaluate if a proposed CCI solution works and establish optimal test circumstances and Limit of Detection (LoD) is the goal of a feasibility study. CCIT’s aim is to provide clients with deterministic package integrity test solutions and help them in the installation of comprehensive CCI systems. This process starts with a client's problem description and ends with a clear approach to ensuring container closure integrity. Feasibility studies by CCIT for package quality testing provide customers with a complete report on the quantitative test technique.

Test Method Development for CCI Testing

CCIT conducts feasibility studies and develops test methods for package quality testing, recommending test methods based on the customer's needs for a given package or container. CCIT's Test Method Development focuses on the package/product characteristics and the extent to which the package attributes must be challenged to ensure closure integrity. The Test Method Development comprises adjusting test parameter settings for a given test method, such as vacuum or high voltage, test cycle periods, and pass/fail criteria. The comprehensive report will include precise test processes and criteria, as well as test findings and leak rates that the customer may expect, along with conclusions and recommendations. Before being included in the final report, all of the worked-out test methods go through validation checks to verify that they are reproducible, accurate, specific, exact, and acceptable for their intended application.

Equipment and Application Support

CCIT offers analytical leak detection services as well as package integrity testing equipment and applications knowledge. We also provide demonstrations on equipment and application services.

At CCIT's laboratory, we have the following technological platforms:

• VeriPac - Vacuum Decay applications
• E-Scan - MicroCurrent High Voltage Leak Detection( MicroCurrent HVLD)
• Seal-Scan®/Seal-Sensor - seal inspection through Airborne Ultrasound

CCIT also offers the following services:

• Installation, training, and validation services for CCI applications
• Calibration, technical assistance, and overall equipment maintenance
• Navigating USP 1207/ASTM/ISO standards - CCIT and regulatory consultancy services

CCIT.s.a is Europe’s leading package testing equipment provider for pharmaceutical, medical device, food, and nutrition companies. We have expertise in Test Method Development & Feasibility Studies. We focus on non-destructive technologies like Vacuum Decay, MicroCurrent HVLD, Airborne Ultrasound, and Helium Leak Detection for package quality testing.

Testing the integrity of package seals helps ensure that nutritional packaging provides required product protection. Maintaining the reliability of package seals is critical for product quality and food safety. Airborne Ultrasound and Vacuum Decay technology can be used for testing package and seal integrity of nutritional packages. These CCI technologies produce quantitative, and repeatable results, due to their deterministic nature. The primary purpose of implementing these testing methods is to ensure the safety of consumers.

Overview of Nutritional Packaging Inspection

Nutritional packaging plays a significant role in securely delivering the product. The majority of nutritional products are shelf-stable in nature, therefore package performance is typically a concern. Chemical reactions occur naturally in all nutritional products. Any break in the nutritional packing might lead to the products deteriorating due to air, moisture, and microbial exposure. Fats and other nutrients for infants might become rancid and inactive. The quality and safety of the contents that reach the customer are determined by nutritional packaging.

Package and seal integrity techniques have great expertise in the packaging industry, which helps in inspecting nutritional packages in the most efficient method in order to preserve package and product quality. For the food and nutritional packaging industries, CCIT provides a variety of technologies and solutions. The two most common nutritional package inspection technologies are vacuum decay and airborne ultrasound. While vacuum decay is utilized for applications such as filled and sealed rigid containers, dry products in pouches, and flexible packaging. Retort pouch final seal inspection can be achieved using non-destructive with airborne ultrasound technology.

Technologies to Assure Package and Seal Integrity

Vacuum Decay Technology

Vacuum decay is a package test method for vacuum-based leak detection. It is considered one of the most practical and sensitive test methods used in nutritional package inspection. When compared to destructive test procedures, this technology not only provides for a better understanding of package quality but also minimizes waste. As a result of the waste reduction, the return on investment is higher, and the operation is closer to green initiatives.

The Vacuum Decay leak testing method operates by enclosing package samples in an evacuation test chamber with an external vacuum source. The test chamber is monitored for both the level of vacuum and the change in vacuum during a pre-defined test duration using single or dual vacuum transducer technology. The existence of leaks and defects within the package is indicated by variations in an absolute and differential vacuum. Test systems can be designed to be operated manually or fully automated.

Airborne Ultrasound Technology

Pouches are the common form of packaging for most nutritional products. Hence, it is necessary to ensure the package integrity of such pouches. Airborne Ultrasound is a non-destructive and non-invasive method of inspecting seal quality. In this method, ultrasound waves are permitted to pass through the package seal, causing sound waves to be reflected. The fluctuation in the reflected signal intensity is used to detect defects.

Airborne Ultrasound technology is available in both online and offline solution options. It has been proven to be one of the most successful non-destructive testing procedures for flexible package seals. According to ASTM F3004-13, this is the standard test technique for evaluating seal quality and integrity using airborne ultrasound. This method has high applicability in the food and nutrition industry.

Vacuum Decay technology and Airborne Ultrasound technology are both ASTM test methods and also FDA consensus standards for package integrity and seal quality inspection of nutritional products. An appropriate testing method for inspecting nutritional packages is selected based on the nature of the product and its package.

Container closure integrity (CCI) testing requirements and regulatory guidelines have been rising steadily in the pharmaceutical industry in recent years. Parenteral products are often packaged in a variety of ways. The most common packaging formats are - vials, ampoules, syringes, BFS, and autoinjectors.

Microbial contamination, exposure to gases, water vapor, and solvent loss can all cause product degradation if the packaging is breached. As a result, container closure integrity is an important part of the sterile medicine product's lifespan. Patients may be at risk if the container closure integrity is compromised. Drugs that are meant to save lives might lose their effectiveness or cause catastrophic adverse effects. CCI defects might cause oxidation, hydrolysis, or a loss of vacuum, which would have a major influence on the drug's efficacy and shelf life.

MicroCurrent HVLD to assure CCI in parenteral products

The criteria and purpose of the test determine the optimal container closure integrity testing technique. The sensitivity and reliability of the test method, the material of the basic package, and the necessity for inline vs. offline testing are all considerations to consider when choosing the right CCI test method. CCI test procedures such as MicoCurrent HVLD can detect breaches before they become an issue with the product and ensure patient safety.

MicroCurrent HVLD is a non-destructive, highly sensitive technology for parenteral product leak testing. This test technique detects pinholes, microcracks, stopper/plunger leaks, non-visible leaks under crimping, and a variety of other defects by scanning a non-conductive container sealed with electrode probes. A change in current flow indicates the presence of a leak, along with the approximate location of the defect in the container. This is a patent-pending high voltage leak detection technique that has been found to be extremely effective in a variety of applications, including pre-filled syringes, vials, cartridges, ampoules, BFS, bottles, and pouches. Being one of the most effective online CCI testing methods, MicroCurrent HVLD requires very minor infrastructure modifications. This method is non-invasive and does not need sample preparation. It is one of the most effective CCI methods.

What sets MicroCurrent HVLD apart from traditional HVLD technology?

MicroCurrent HVLD, as referenced in USP 1207, is a unique High Voltage Leak Detection Technology for container closure integrity testing. When compared to traditional HVLD solutions, this method uses around 50% less voltage and exposes the product and environment to less than 5% of the voltage. MicroCurrent HVLD is a non-invasive CCI technique that does not require sample preparation, and has a high degree of reproducibility and accuracy throughout. This ground-breaking technique can be applied to a wide range of liquid-filled products including low conductivity sterile water for injection (WFI) and highly proteinaceous pharmaceutical products within suspensions.

Any breach in the sterile packaging systems can cause environmental pollutants to grow, turning a life-saving medicine into a potentially fatal microbial soup. This technology is highly effective across all parenteral and biologic products. At high production speeds, the MicroCurrent HVLD technique is scalable and can easily migrate from offline to 100% inline testing applications. It is a cost-effective online container closure testing solution.

The rapidly increasing preference towards parenteral products continues to fuel innovation, but it also faces distinct challenges in terms of implementing a container closure integrity testing strategy. Parenteral product packaging can be as complicated as the products themselves. To ensure package integrity, CCI testing in accordance with current USP 1207 guidance and regulation is required.

Sterile pharmaceutical products including vials are manufactured with extreme accuracy and zero tolerance for error. As a result, pharmaceutical manufacturers place a high value on their quality control procedures. This is to guarantee that the items meet the quality requirements for their intended application. Packaging is essential for maintaining product quality and providing protection from harmful external forces. Package integrity testing, in addition to selecting suitable packing material, is a crucial component in preserving product quality. It prevents external contamination that can have a negative influence on drug quality by ensuring that there are no leaks within the package.

An effective package integrity solution for vials will ensure:

• The vial is well-protected from external factors that might affect its quality, such as light, oxygen, moisture, and temperature
• It is safe from contamination

Various Container closure integrity testing (CCIT) technologies are available today. Helium leak detection is one of the leading methods used for testing the container closure integrity of vials.

Helium Leak Detection Technology for CCI testing of Vials

The process of detecting leaks in various enclosed or sealed systems by utilizing helium as a tracer gas and measuring its concentration as it leaves due to leakage is termed Helium leak testing. Simply say, a vial that consists of a container and an elastomeric closure is a good example for package system. The vial is filled with helium and evacuated. The quantity of helium that escapes from the package is quantified and expressed as a leak rate. A prefilled syringe, a foil pouch, or a cold form blister card are another example. Each of these package types is meant to keep the pharmaceutical product enclosed while keeping out potentially harmful environmental pollutants like germs, or even gases.

Helium gas has a number of qualities that make it the best choice for package leak testing

• As helium gas is one of the smallest molecules, it may reliably and rapidly breach pathways.
• It is an inert gas that won't react with the components being tested, therefore it's perfectly safe to use.
• Because of its limited presence in the atmosphere (less than 5ppm), instrument noise from atmospheric helium is intrinsically minimal, resulting in very precise findings.

Following are the advantages of using helium leak detection technology for CCI testing

• Highly sensitive leak test method for CCI
• Specially designed for detecting extremely small leaks that other leak test methods failed to detect.
• The leak test thresholds might be adjusted as low as 1 x 10 -10 cc/s using a high vacuum technique. This allows unique comparison amongst package components.

Sterility of vials is essential for reducing and preventing infection in patients when using the medicine. As a result, package integrity testing is essential for regulatory approval of sterile pharmaceutical products, and medical devices. When it comes to package integrity testing of vials, the terms packaging integrity and container-closure integrity are sometimes used interchangeably.

At CCIT, we provide a wide range of quality leak testing equipment for pharmaceuticals including vials. With our high-grade non-destructive testing equipment, you can ensure that your products meet stringent quality requirements.

The ability to resist microbiological ingress and the entrance or escape of substances is necessary for the packaging of sterile pharmaceutical products to maintain their quality. Pharmaceutical package integrity standards are quite strict since any packaging defect might have a direct influence on the health and safety of patients. USP 1207 explains how to ensure the integrity of non-porous containers used to transport sterile pharmaceuticals. Syringes, cartridges, flexible bags or pouches, plastic or glass ampules, capped vials or bottles, and containers for drug/device combination products are examples of pharmaceutical packaging.

How to ensure pharmaceutical package sterility with Vacuum Decay Technology?

The most feasible and sensitive Container Closure Integrity test method has been proven to be vacuum decay. The test measurement yields a quantitative result that is both dependable and accurate, as well as a pass/fail determination. Vacuum Decay technique works by enclosing sample packages in a tight-fitting evacuation test chamber with an external vacuum source. The test chamber is monitored for both the level of vacuum and the change in vacuum during a set test duration using single or dual vacuum transducer technology. The existence of leaks and defects within the package is indicated by variations in absolute and differential vacuum.

As it is a non-destructive test method, it saves money by not wasting product during leak tests and produces a return on investment in under 6 months for most of the products. Vacuum Decay has shown to be a non-destructive alternative to the blue dye leak test. Vacuum Decay is an ASTM Test Method F2338, which is also recognized by the FDA as a Consensus Standard for Package Integrity Testing. It is referenced as a deterministic test method for container closure integrity testing in the new USP 1207 Chapter Guidance.

Advantages of Vacuum Decay Technology

• Non-destructive, non-subjective, no sample preparation
• Pass/fail results backed by quantitative test data
• Cost effective with rapid return on investment
• Deterministic, quantitative test method
• Identifies which cavity is defective
• ASTM test method and FDA standard
• Repeatable, rapid and reliable testing

Package integrity must be evaluated as part of a sterility program in order to determine the risk of new leaks occurring during pharmaceutical storage. After understanding the mechanism and the rationale for guaranteeing no contamination, it is recommended that test techniques with detection ability as near as feasible to the maximum permitted leakage limit be utilized.

High Voltage Leak Detection (HVLD) of pre-filled syringes, vials, cartridges, ampoules, BFS, bottles and liquid filled pouches detects pinholes, micro-cracks, stopper/plunger leaks, non-visible leaks under crimping and many other defects. The HVLD testing procedure also guarantees the security of the product seal by finding tiny pinholes, micro fractures and screen defects that are not visible. Eventual packing defects lead to resistance differential and changes of current flow in the container and the approximate position of the fault. It is also one of the most affordable methods for testing container closure that requires little adjustments to the infrastructure. This technology is not invasive and does not require preparation of the sample. It is one of the most powerful CCI technologies for all biological and parenteral goods

E-Scan HVLD has a high-speed test cycle, produces highly reproducible results and is easy to handle. Fast changeover and easy adjustments of test parameters for various goods and applications are further advantages. Another advantage of the HVLD technique is that it can readily be moved from the laboratory offline to 100% online testing applications at high production speeds. That is an enormous benefit and makes the inspection and validation procedure globally simpler. E-Scan employs a number of electrode probes to scan a sealed container which is not conductive. Glass, plastic or poly laminate might be the container material.

Working principle of MicroCurrent HVLD technology

In non conductive or semi-conductive packing materials, HVLD works by implementing high voltage potential for electrically conductive goods. When electrical discharges between goods and device electrodes are observed, the pinholes are determined. The two container walls (high voltage side and ground side) offer complete electric resistance when the package is not leaked, and no significant current is detected by flash. If one of the container walls has a microleak or fracture, the barrier to breakup is met and the current passes. HVLD is the only technique for leak detection that requires a crack site without mass, needing just the flow of electricity via a crack. This feature sensitises HVLD to leaks that are not identified by typical leak test systems.

Applications of MicroCurrent HVLD

• Pre-filled syringes
• Vials
• Cartridges
• Ampoules
• BFS
• Bottles
• Pouches

Advantages of MicroCurrent HVLD

• High level of repeatability and precision
• Deterministic, non-destructive, non-invasive
• Product and environmental low voltage exposure
• Offline and 100% online testing at high production speeds
• Simpler inspection and validation procedure
• Most powerful CCI technology for all parenteral and biologic products
• Robust method and approximate 3x Signal-Noise-Ratio for a wide range of product classes and package formats